IL-10 regulates memory T cell development and the balance between Th1 and follicular Th cell responses during an acute viral infection
Y Tian, SB Mollo, LE Harrington… - The Journal of …, 2016 - journals.aai.org
Y Tian, SB Mollo, LE Harrington, AJ Zajac
The Journal of Immunology, 2016•journals.aai.orgT cells provide protective immunity against infections by differentiating into effector cells that
contribute to rapid pathogen control and by forming memory populations that survive over
time and confer long-term protection. Thus, understanding the factors that regulate the
development of effective T cell responses is beneficial for the design of vaccines and
immune-based therapies against infectious diseases. Cytokines play important roles in
shaping T cell responses, and IL-10 has been shown to modulate the differentiation of CD4 …
contribute to rapid pathogen control and by forming memory populations that survive over
time and confer long-term protection. Thus, understanding the factors that regulate the
development of effective T cell responses is beneficial for the design of vaccines and
immune-based therapies against infectious diseases. Cytokines play important roles in
shaping T cell responses, and IL-10 has been shown to modulate the differentiation of CD4 …
Abstract
T cells provide protective immunity against infections by differentiating into effector cells that contribute to rapid pathogen control and by forming memory populations that survive over time and confer long-term protection. Thus, understanding the factors that regulate the development of effective T cell responses is beneficial for the design of vaccines and immune-based therapies against infectious diseases. Cytokines play important roles in shaping T cell responses, and IL-10 has been shown to modulate the differentiation of CD4 and CD8 T cells. In this study, we report that IL-10 functions in a cell-extrinsic manner early following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection to suppress the magnitude of effector Th1 responses as well as the generation of memory CD4 and CD8 T cells. We further demonstrate that the blockade of IL-10 signaling during the priming phase refines the functional quality of memory CD4 and CD8 T cells. This inhibition strategy resulted in a lower frequency of virus-specific follicular Th (Tfh) cells and increased the Th1 to Tfh ratio. Nevertheless, neither germinal center B cells nor lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus–specific Ab levels were influenced by the blockade. Thus, our studies show that IL-10 influences the balance between Th1 and Tfh cell differentiation and negatively regulates the development of functionally mature memory T cells.
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